Briefly discussed below is the process of making a typical two-layer “Embossing Reflection Hologram”, by far the most common and cost-effective hologram, with two common sub-types, namely the two layer hologram (with a background image and a foreground image) and the three layer hologram (with a background image, a middle ground image and a foreground image).

Making the Artwork: Using computer graphics, the artwork is generated on the computer on the basis of a conceptual design, wherein certain parts of ‘the matter” which the customer would like to appear in his hologram are recorded in the background (the bottom layer) and certain other parts in the foreground (the top layer).

Making the artwork “camera ready”: Using the computer graphics and keeping in view the shape and size chosen by the customer for his hologram, as many impressions of “the matter” of each layer as can be accommodated on an area of roughly six inches square, are separately recorded on paper.

Image-Setting: Using the special cameras to make “the positive” and “the negative” of each layer from the camera-ready artwork.

Holographic Recording and Master Origination: Exposing “the positive” of each layer, one after the another, to laser light with the aid of specialized imaging devices such as specialized lenses and mirrors and recording the same on a surface of an ultra clean, photo sensitive and specialized glass plate, to originate “the Glass Master”. At the end of this intricate and time-consuming process, the original two dimensional image of the artwork gets “transformed’” into a “three dimensional” impression on the surface of “the glass master”, called the hologram. The hologram will diffract the seven colours of the spectrum (colours seen in a rainbow) and will produce “the depth effect” or the three dimensional (3D) effect, when it is viewed from different angles under any type of natural or artificial light, thereby giving it an extraordinary visual appeal. During holographic recording, secret information (e.g. code number) can be recorded and concealed in one of the layers of the hologram to make it machine readable only (that is, under special lighting conditions and with the aid of special viewing instruments) in order to impart the inimitable “optical security feature” to the hologram.

                                                                 

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